Blog post #7 Seth Nolan

This a picture of a brassica flower. the pictures underneath show the function of the flower under magnification.

This is a picture of an anther with stigma on it. the anther is the male reproductive system it holds pollen/sperm cells and the  stigma is the female reproductive system. The anther help pollinate by rubbing is pollen on passing bees.

This part of the flower is called the stigma. On a plant, the stigma is the site where the germination of the pollen grains occur.Along with the style and ovary, the stigma is part of the flower's structure called the pistil.

This is the ovule.  Each ovule is attached by its base to the stalk  that bears it. plant structure that develops into a seed when fertilized.  A small opening  in the integuments at the apex of the ovule permits the pollen tube to enter and discharge its sperm nuclei into the embryo sac, a large oval cell in which fertilization and development occur.

this is a closs up of the pollen in our flower

Blog post #7- Marco Dal Canto

     Here is my brassica plant flower.  All of the photos below will be of this flower and its certain parts under magnification. It will show its majors functions.

      This is an image that shows the anthers that has stigma on it. The stigmas part of the female reproductive system and the anthers is part of the male reproductive system. The other side of the anthers contain pollen, which contain sperm cells. The anthers rub the pollen off on a bee or other animals that pollinate, so then the pollen can be spread.

    This is the stigma of the flower. The stigma is attached to a circle shape thing called the style that is part of the ovaries. These parts make the part of the plant called the pistil. Its main purpose is to try to get pollen from other flowers off of pollinators, wind, and water.

This is the ovule. The ovule is inside the ovary of the plant so to get this photo we had to cut it open with a tool Mr. Bursch gave us. The ovule contains egg cells, the female gamete. These little eggs will get fertilized once sperm reaches them. These cells come together when they are fertilized and become zygote. This zygote will keep dividing until it becomes a seed with the ovary over it again.  This will become another plant.

Here is a photo of the pollen. We didn't take a flower that had not bloomed yet because there would not be any pollen.

Blog Post #7 Kylee Bourbon

The fertilization in our plants occur after pollination, when pollen grains land on the sigma of a flower from the same species. One of these pollen grains develops a tiny tube that goes down the style of the ovary. This tube has a male gamete that meets the female gamete in the ovule. The fertilization of the plants occur when the male and female gametes meet and their chromosomes come together. This results in normal sets of chromosomes, with some from either parent. The newly fertilized seed will later grow into a plant. This is how plants like brassica oleracea are fertilized in order to continue to reproduce.

This is a picture of the plant we dissected. We chose a plant that had already bloomed and was big enough for us to look at.

Here, you can see the stamen surrounding the carpel. This is easily seen when the petals of the flower are removed .  The  long tube is called a filament and the end is the anther. The anther is what produces pollen, which is the male gamete.

This is the carpel. The long tube is called the  style and the end part is called the stigma. The stigma has a sticky end and is used to attract pollen.

This is the ovary of the plant sliced in half. Inside, there are very tiny unfertilized ovules.  As you can see, no carpels or stamen can be seen.



BONUS:

This is the pollen from one of the flowers under a compound-light microscope.  We chose a flower that had already fully bloomed in order to get as much pollen as possible. https://docs.google.com/document/d/10QbFcPET2PNk-5vorWPzmy5fGf8T1wcS-PLFzRhEpcQ/edit

How Does Your Garden Grow?

1). The things that are keeping our kale plants alive, healthy, and thriving are the processes of the water, nitrogen, and carbon cycles, which all bring new nutrients the plant. Photosynthesis also generates energy for the plant and helps it grow through the production of ATP energy. The ATP energy allows the plant's cells to divide through the process of mitosis, which means the plants can multiply and allow the plant to grow.



2). Enzymes are proteins that help speed up reactions by lowering the amount of energy they need to complete the reaction. Just like all other enzymes, if the nucleus receives a signal saying that there needs to be more Rubisco and PEPC produced, then the ribosomes would synthesize a chain of amino acids, which are then folded into the protein or enzyme that was needed.

How Does Your Garden Grow?

1.)  The things that are keeping our Kale plant healthy and ever-growing are the processes of the water, nitrogen, and carbon cycles, which give the plant nutrients, and also photosynthesis, which is the main cause of the plant's growth. Photosynthesis is when the plant uses sunlight to produce ATP (energy which comes from cellular respiration).The ATP allows the plant's cells to keep dividing in a process called mitosis. This means that the cells multiply, and the plant gets larger.

2.)  Enzymes are proteins that speed up reactions by lowering the amount of energy they need. Just like all enzymes, If the nucleus receives a signal saying that there needs to be more Rubisco and PEPC, then the ribosomes would synthesize a chain of amino acids, which would then be folded into the protein/enzyme that was needed.

How Does Your Garden Grow?

1. Photosynthesis gives our kale plant ATP which  is needed for almost all other cellular functions.   During respiration, the plant needs oxygen and glucose, which are both created through photosynthesis. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration need  each other to be complete. In the process of photosynthesis, the plant strives carbon dioxide and water which are both of which are brought out into the air during respiration. Because of the ATP, the cells are able to go through mitosis over and over  again until our plant is much bigger. 

2. The enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase which is called PEPC uses  bicarbonate to catalyze the B-carboxylation of PEP, to create the four-carbon acid oxaloacetate.Rubisco an enzyme that catalyses the carbon working with the  step in the  start of the  cycle. If more of it was made, this would speed up the process of the Calvin cycle.  PEPC does replenishing for the citric acid cycle.

Below is a picture of are kale plant

How does your garden grow?

1.   Our kale plant has been growing steadily ever since the day we planted it into the soil.  It has been adding biomass by going through mitosis.  This happens because the cells split and make more cells and the plant keeps growing up and up.  The plant keeps feeding its self by turning sun light into food and this is called photosynthesis.  Cellular respiration has been occurring and the kale plant has been giving off ATP.

2. Rubisco an enzyme that catalyses at the beginning of the Calvin Cycle.  This mean if lots of Rubiso is produced it will seed up the Calvin Cycle. The enzyme PEPC uses bicarbonate to catalyze the B-carboxylation of PEP, to create the 4-carbon acid oxaloacetate. The PEPC in our kale plant it  helps give back citric acid to help the cycal, oxaloacetate, and malate.  IT is needed to compleate nitrogen assimilation and amino acid biosynthesis. If more PEPC is made it will help  4-carbon acid oxaloacetate would continued to be made, as well as citric acid cycle intermediates, oxaloacetate and malate.